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Two-dimensional gas chromatography occurs by the repeated and re-injection of effluent from one chromatographic column into a second column of orthogonal phase. The cycle of refocusing and re-injection is matched to the time required for compounds to elute from the second GC column, resulting in separation of compounds across a plane, rather than just along a line. With our GCxGC system this is accomplished with a dual-stage, quad-jet thermal modulator positioned between the two columns.

Inside of the GC oven, showing GCxGC components and connections: (A) GC inlet, (B) Primary GC column, (C) Press fit connection between primary and secondary GC columns, (D) Quad-jet modulator, (E) Secondary oven, (F) Transfer line, (G) Detector.